独立院校医学生人文素质教育分析与对策研究

人文素质教育对于医学生的培养不容忽视。由于我国现行医学生选拔和培养模式、独立院校校园文化薄弱和“三本”学生自身特点等因素影响，独立院校医学生人文素质教育有待加强。独立医学院校应从深化教学改革、提高师资力量、建设校园文化、增强临床教学等四方面入手，努力提高医学生人文素养，不仅有利于医学生的成长成才，也有利于缓和当前的医患矛盾，更有助于推动医疗卫生事业的和谐发展。     

新医改背景下医科大学生价值取向变化趋势及教育引导研究

新医改的价值目标是公益性，对于当前医科大学生价值取向的产生、形成具有重要导向作用。当前医科大学生价值取向出现了价值目标趋于功利化、迷失医学真正目的；医学技术至上、自身技术能力下滑；科研作风不够严谨，人文素质滑坡等趋势。因此，应从树立崇高职业理想，提升使命感和责任感；创新医德教育体系，强化思想政治教育育人功能；关注物质精神需求，提高从医幸福感等方面教育引导医科大学生树立正确价值取向。     

浅议医学院校化学教学改革的必要性

为了提高高等医学院校学生学习化学的兴趣，培养学生宽厚的知识面。笔者以医学院校的特点及化学教学中普遍存在的问题为出发点，讨论了如何通过教学改革的方法在基础教学中缩短教与学、理论与实践的距离感，激发学生学习化学的积极性、主动性，并结合自身教学经验对医学院校化学教学改革的必要性进行详细论证。     

孔子历史观新论

历史观是孔子思想体系重要的组成部分。在对夏商周三代文明充分反思和继承的基础上,孔子认识到周礼的价值和意义,创造性地提出"仁"的道德范畴,以加强个体的内在道德修养,从而使周礼的精神得以维持和延续。孔子认为历史的本质在于人伦道德精神,从而建立了道德史观。孔子对历史的本原、历史的主体、历史的变易,以及变易的趋势、规律、动力等,也有独到见解,形成了较为系统的历史观。     

医生的信息-情感交互模式对移动问诊服务满意度的影响——基于“激励-保健”理论的分析

移动问诊服务日益成熟，但患者满意度仍有待提高。现有研究对医患交互过程关注不足，且忽略患者不满意评价的影响因素。为此，本文引入"激励-保健"理论视角，研究医生的信息-情感交互模式对移动问诊服务满意及不满的影响机制。本文筛选国内某领先移动问诊平台中的300次医患沟通记录，采用"先定性后定量"的混合研究方法对数据进行分析。其中，定性研究旨在识别医生交互模式的细分维度，定量研究则用于提出并验证不同交互模式与患者满意及不满的关系。研究发现，医生的信息交互模式是移动问诊服务满意度的保健因素，而情感交互模式是激励因素。结论丰富了移动问诊服务患者满意度的研究框架，对改善医生行为和医疗服务APP设计提供了指导。     

Constructing ‘disability’ in Myanmar: teachers,community stakeholders,and the complexity of disability models

This article explores Myanmar teachers’ and community stakeholders’ constructions of disability. We examine how various religious perspectives – particularly Buddhism – inform and shape understandings of impairment and how these beliefs intersect with a strongly medicalised construction of disability. However, in our discussion and exploration of the responses, we also found that the notion of two primary disability ‘models’ – namely the medical model and the social model – lack nuance, complexity, and socio-cultural consideration. Through examining teachers’ and community members’ perspectives of disability in Myanmar, we highlight the importance of socio-cultural variance in understanding local constructions of disability.     

城乡差异、就医惯性与老年人卫生服务利用

现有对城乡老年人卫生服务利用不公平的研究多忽略了长期的城乡差异所导致的隐性的农村老年人就医惯性的存在。本研究在控制了收入、医疗保障和就医可及性等因素的条件下，发现就医惯性的存在；并运用集中指数分解法发现，卫生服务的利用存在不公平，偏向于富人，而就医惯性在两种卫生服务利用中的贡献度分别为12%和5%。这种城乡固定差异造成了农村老年人在身体健康、心理健康和自我照料能力上都显著地低于城市老年人。     

古诗“断”—“译”—“联”—“对”四步赏析法

为了破解学生读不懂古诗的难题，根据学生的实际情况，借鉴古人的读诗方法，结合古诗的句法结构特征，在教学中通过实施“断”—“译”—“联”—“对”四步赏析法，引领学生循序渐进地心领古诗表面文意，神会古诗情志内涵。     

新农合对四川藏区的减贫效应分析

The New Rural Cooperative Medi-cal System ( hereafter NRCMS) in Tibetan areas of Sichuan was started in Wenchuan in 2005 , and by 2008 covered all of the province’s Tibetan areas. This paper studies the effects of the NRCMS on im-proving the health of and alleviating poverty for farmers and herdsmen in Tibetan area of Sichuan. Most parts of the Tibetan areas of Sichuan are located in high altitude districts. Thirty two coun-ties of these areas are classified as “National Pov-erty Counties”. Poverty and disease go hand in hand in these regions. Kashin-Beck disease and hydatid disease are the major endemics in the pas-toral and agro-pastoral areas of Sichuan. Endemic, infectious and chronic diseases are widespread in Sichuan’s Tibetan areas. More than 70% of pa-tients are workers from 20 to 60 years old. Disea-ses are more prevalent in women than in men. Kashin-Beck disease and hydatid disease are cur-rently incurable. Patients suffer from health prob-lems, which leads to a decrease in their income and the heavy burden of medical expenses. The new rural cooperative medical system alleviates the negative effects of farmers’ falling into, or back in-to poverty due to disease. However, the existing medical compensation mechanism is not sufficient to solve the problem. The greatest impact of NRCMS on the farmers and herdsmen in Sichuan’s Tibetan areas is that the system has gradually changed local people’s medi-cal behavior, as well as their underlying ideas a-bout medicine: they begin to believe in hospitals. In particular, more pregnant women are choosing to give birth in hospitals, which reduces the rate of infant mortality and postpartum diseases, and im-proves the health of women. Since the full coverage of the NRCMS in 2008 , the number of people participating in the system has reached the overall average level of Si-chuan province. By analyzing the data before and after the implementation of this system, and meas-uring the impact of the system on people’s health, it can be found that the NRCMS’s role in serving the vulnerable population, such as the elderly and infant children, is more marked. Since the implementation of the NRCMS, all administrative villages in Sichuan Tibetan areas have established village clinics, which solved the problem of a shortage of medicines and doctors in those areas. Farmers and herdsmen have conven-ient access to medical treatment, enhancing the ac-cessibility of medical service. After the implemen-tation of the NRCMS, the health of the elderly population in rural areas has improved. Infant mor-tality rates have dramatically fallen. The implementation of the NRCMS improved the medical service capacity of township hospitals and village clinics. And the NRCMS has brought the township hospitals and village clinics into its scope of compensation, which greatly promotes the utilization of primary medical services in Tibetan areas. The poverty reduction effect of the NRCMS can be analyzed from two aspects:Firstly, the im-
provement in health leads to increased income, be-cause good health can promote labor productivity. Meanwhile, the increase in income will in turn im-prove the overall level of health. Secondly, the in-patient and outpatient compensation rate is raised year by year, which reduces the medical fees of farmers, and prevents them from falling back into poverty.     

医学人文教育与高等中医药人才培养

高等中医药人才培养必须坚持医学科学精神与医学人文精神的统一,实现医学人才医学技术与人文关怀的协调发展。中医人文教育既是医学模式发展的根本要求,也是增进医患互信、构建和谐医患关系的需要。中医人文教育必须以培养高等中医人才为核心,遵循中医人才成长规律,体现人文教育与政治教育、人文精神与科学精神、文化传承与借鉴创新的高度统一,全面提升中医大学生的人文素养。